Intro
A coronary artery calcium (CAC) score measures calcified plaque in the coronary arteries.
It is one of the most powerful tools for refining cardiovascular risk.
Key Points
- CAC directly measures atherosclerosis
- Score of 0 → low short-term risk
- Higher scores → higher event risk
- Useful in borderline or uncertain cases
🚨 Breakout: Why CAC Is Different
Most tests estimate risk.
CAC shows whether disease is already present.
How It Works
A CT scan detects calcium deposits in coronary arteries.
Results are expressed as a score:
- 0 → no detectable plaque
- 1–100 → mild plaque
- 100+ → increasing risk
When It’s Used
- Intermediate risk patients
- Uncertain treatment decisions
- Family history of early heart disease
Risks / Limitations
- Small radiation exposure
- Does not detect soft plaque
- Not needed for very low or very high risk
FAQ
Q: Is a CAC score of 0 a guarantee?
A: No—but it suggests low short-term risk.
Q: Should everyone get a CAC scan?
A: No—targeted use is key.