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Emergency Actions — Hypos, Highs, and Ketones

Severe hypo (can’t swallow / unconscious / seizure)

• Do not give food or fluids by mouth.
• Glucagon (nasal or injection) if available and trained.
• Call emergency services.
• Once awake: longer‑acting carbs; contact your diabetes team.

High BGL with ketones (sick day)

• Hydrate with unsweetened fluids; small sips every 5–10 minutes.
• Correction insulin per your plan; recheck BGL and ketones in 1–2 hours.
• Pump users: give correction by pen/syringe and change the set if ketones present.
• Seek urgent care if ketones ≥ 3.0 mmol/L, rising ketones, or vomiting, pain, drowsiness, rapid breathing.

Vomiting / unable to keep fluids down

• High risk for DKA even if BGL isn’t very high. Try small frequent sips; if not tolerated, seek urgent help.
• Do not stop basal insulin.

Driving safety

• If you feel low or CGM alarms low → pull over and treat.
• Don’t drive again until BGL has clearly recovered and you feel well.

Emergency kit checklist

• Glucose tablets/gel; small juice or regular soft drink
• Glucagon (check expiry); quick instructions
• Meter/strips or CGM; blood ketone strips/meter
• Spare pen needles/syringes; pump set
• Copy of your plan + emergency contacts